量子(原子、電子、光子など)の持つ、二重性、重ね合わせ、量子もつれなど、特異な性質や振る舞いを操作・制御することにより、量子コンピューティングや量子シミュレーションなどの技術革新が期待されます。
レーザを用いて気体原子を冷却あるいは捕獲する「レーザ冷却」は、1980年代後半から飛躍的な発展を遂げました。このレーザ冷却技術により、それまでは理論的予測に過ぎなかった気体原子「ルビジウム87」から作られるボース・アインシュタイン凝縮(BEC)状態が、1995年に世界で初めて実現されました。レーザ冷却やBECの実現は、原子やイオンの量子力学的振る舞いの研究の皮切りとなり、現在につながっています。
量子イメージングとは、光の量子的特性を積極活用して、高感度あるいは特殊な画像観測を実現するイメージング手法です。近年注目されている「ゴーストイメージング」もその一つで、量子もつれ光を観測対象に当てて信号を検出しつつ、もつれた光子の相関を利用して画像を取得します。
中性原子やイオンは、ひとつでも複数の性質を併せ持つ「重ね合わせ状態」を取ることができ、いわゆる量子ビットとして見なすことができます。その性質を利用して、量子コンピューティングや量子シミュレーションを実現する試みが積極的に行われています。このような応用では、光ピンセット技術や電磁場を利用して原子やイオンをトラップ(捕獲)する手法が一般的に用いられますが、トラップされた中性原子やイオンの位置を観測するために、高感度カメラが用いられます。さらに、空間光位相変調器(LCOS-SLM)を用いてホログラム技法を応用すれば、さまざまな配列のマイクロトラップアレーを生成することができるため、中性原子やイオンを所望の形に並べることも可能です。
Photon number resolving(光子数識別)が可能なカメラで、トラップされたイオンや中性原子からの微弱光を高解像度を維持した状態で、定量的な検出を可能にします。
複数イオンの蛍光を検出可能な、リニア型32chのアノードを持った光検出器です。(フォトンカウンティングタイプ「H12211」もございます)
ダイヤモンドは炭素原子の結晶ですが、結晶中に不純物として窒素原子が混入すると、その隣に空孔が形成されることがあります。この窒素空孔中心(NVセンター)は、室温でも良好な量子特性をもつことで知られ、周囲の環境の変化を高感度で検出する能力をもっています。この性質から、NVセンターを持つダイヤモンドは「量子センサ」の1つに数えられ、次世代の超高感度センサとして注目されています。また、NVセンターを室温で動作する量子ビットとして用いる研究も進められており、量子コンピューティングへの応用も期待されています。
Photon number resolving(光子数識別)が可能なカメラで、NVセンターからの微弱蛍光を高解像度を維持した状態で定量的な検出を可能にするカメラです。
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