発光材料とは、外部からのエネルギー刺激によって励起状態から基底状態に戻る際に、エネルギーの一部を光として放出する材料のことです。この現象はルミネッセンスと呼ばれ、吸収するエネルギーの種類や発光の仕組みによって、放電発光、フォトルミネッセンス、エレクトロルミネッセンス、化学ルミネッセンス、バイオルミネッセンス、カソードルミネッセンス等の種類があります。これらは材料そのものとして、また材料をもとに作成される発光デバイスとして、PCやスマートフォンのディスプレイ、LEDライト、レーザ等、様々な分野で応用されており、人々の生活において重要な役割を果たしています。
・低圧放電ランプ(蛍光ランプ、ネオンランプ等)
・高圧放電ランプ(水銀ランプ、キセノンランプ等)
・量子ドット
・生体用蛍光プローブ
・白色LED蛍光体
・有機EL材料
・有機EL(OLED)
・発光ダイオード(LED)
・レーザダイオード(LD)
・ルミノール
・ケミカルライト
・ルシフェリン
・エクオリン
・蛍光ランプ
・ブラウン管
・FED(電界放出ディスプレイ)
発光材料の開発は基本的に、材料の素となる化合物等の選定、化合物の合成、材料の発光特性評価という流れで行われます。
まず、膨大な候補化合物の中から適切な化合物を絞り込み、絞り込んだ化合物を実際に合成します。その後、合成した発光材料に対し、スペクトル測定、量子収率測定、蛍光寿命測定等の様々な手法を用いて特性評価を行います。
浜松ホトニクスでは、発光材料の特性評価用装置として、分光器、発光量子収率測定装置、蛍光寿命測定装置、過渡吸収測定装置等をラインアップしています。
発光材料の評価に使用される測定手法ごとに測定の原理や測定事例、おすすめ製品等を紹介します。
LDLS™レーザ励起プラズマ光源を搭載したスペクトル可変光源です。白色LED・白熱電球・蛍光灯などの実在光源の再現や、矩形やマルチピークのような仮想光源のスペクトルも自在に出力できます。
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