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健康（未病）チェックマーカの開発
微弱光検出技術による「予防医療」への貢献を目指して、研究を進めています。前半は、「食」そのものが持つ機能性を、細胞機能を使って評価する手法をご紹介し、後半では、開発中の「食」を摂取し、消化・吸収を経た後の生体内での効果が簡便に評価できる「健康（未病）チェックマーカ」についてご紹介します。
抗酸化・抗炎症・自然免疫賦活同時評価細胞試験（関連論文 3、9、10、14-23）
自然免疫細胞である好中球の生体防御機構を応用した、食品機能性評価法です。培養細胞から得た好中球様細胞を、好中球走化性因子であるfMLP（formil-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine）で刺激すると、PIレスポンスが起こり、細胞内のCa2＋濃度が上昇します。そして、それによってO2-・産生が惹起されます。この細胞内Ca2+濃度変化とO2-・の産生を、それぞれ蛍光と化学発光で同時にモニタする技術を応用した方法です。
評価する食品や食品成分の存在によって変化した蛍光と化学発光の発光量や発光パターンから、試料の持つ機能性について、抗酸化（活性酸素消去作用）・抗炎症（活性酸素産生を抑え過剰な炎症反応を抑制する作用）・自然免疫作用の識別が可能な方法です。
その他の細胞試験
生活習慣病に関連のある部位の細胞機能を利用した機能性評価法を大学等と共同開発しています。
・ヒト神経芽細胞腫SH-SY5Y細胞を用いた「脳神経保護作用評価法」（関連論文 3、8、12、13）
・血管内皮細胞を用いた「血管機能保持活性評価法」（関連論文 2、3）
また、細胞内信号伝達を利用した作用機序解明ツールも開発しました。
「抗炎症物質のCa2+流入抑制経路判定法」（関連論文 3、9、11）
これらは、以下の蛍光・発光同時計測装置を利用して、評価ができます。
細胞試験用蛍光・発光同時計測装置
・キュベットタイプ CFL-C2000 浮遊系細胞
・プレパラートタイプ CFL-P2200 接着系細胞
健康（未病）チェックマーカの開発 （関連論文 1、3-7）
好中球は、病原菌等の侵入に対し最初に働く免疫細胞で、自分の中に捕食して活性酸素を出して攻撃します。好中球が酸素から直接作る活性酸素は、スーパーオキシド（O2-・）で、それほど強力ではありませんが、同時に顆粒から放出するミエロペルオキシダーゼ（MPO）という酵素によって、塩素（Cl-）や臭素（Br‐）と反応して、次亜塩素酸（HOCｌ）や次亜臭素酸（HOBr)といった強力な活性酸素種を作り出します。これらは、生体防御にとても貢献しますが、同時に正常な組織も傷つけて炎症が起こってしまいます。炎症は、活性酸素を増加させて酸化ストレスを引き起こします。
当社は、この酸化ストレスの原因となる好中球の過剰活性化に着目し、好中球の活性化指標であるO2-・産生とMPO活性を、化学発光と蛍光という二つの光情報に変換して検出する技術を確立しました。指先から採取した極微量の血液で、前処理なく測定できる簡便な方法を目指して、開発を進めています。
■特長
・簡便
・極微量血液
・リアルタイム
・誰でも測定可能
薄型角セルタイプ 血液測定用
・ CFL-H2400（4連型）
・ CFL-H2200（2連型）
・専用計測容器（血液試料注入状態）
将来展望
将来的には、必要な試薬類をキット化して、誰でも簡単に使える方法にしていきたいと考えています。
「食」を摂取した際の生体内での抗酸化能が簡便に測定できるシステムは、食品の機能性評価ツールとして新しい機能性成分の探索や、保健機能食品の開発に利用できます。現場でも簡便に使用できるため、高機能性農産物を栽培するときの条件検討にも利用でき、その結果、多くの健康付加価値農産物や保健機能食品が世の中に流通するようになります。 また、個人レベルの酸化ストレス予防能が簡便に評価できるため、日々の体調管理、老化防止や激しいスポーツをした後の酸化ストレス防止などに、自分に最適なサプリメントや食品を手軽に選択できるようになります。家畜や家禽の体調管理にも利用できます。
自分の体質や体調に合った最適な食、いわゆる「テーラーメイド食品」による予防医療の発展、そして健やかに生活して老いることができる「健康長寿社会」の実現に貢献したいと考えています。
関連論文
- Kazumura et al. PLOS ONE 13 e0200573 (2018)
- Kuroda.et al., JAFC 66(33), 8714-8721(2018)
- 數村公子「血流改善成分の開発と応用」(2018) CMC出版, 80-88
- Zhang et al. Anticancer Res. 38(7) 4289-4294 (2018)
- Kobayashi et al. PLOS ONE 13 e0198493 (2018)
- Kobayashi. Y et al., PLOS ONE.,13, e0195008 (2018)
- 數村公子、生物工学会誌, 95(6), 324-326 (2017)
- Wu.Y et al., J. Neural. Transm., 124, 89-98 (2017)
- 數村公子, 細胞49(13), 625-627, (2017)
- Miyake. Y et al., Food Sci Technol Res., 22,713–718 (2016)
- Kazumura. K et al., J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., 59, 1-9 (2016)
- Wu.Y et al., J. Neural. Transm., 123, 491-494 (2016)
- Wu.Y et al., J. Neural. Transm., 122, 1399-1407 (2015)
- 數村公子，生物工学会誌, 93(6), 356-358 (2015)
- 原田和樹，數村公子, 日本調理科学会誌, 46(6),395-398 (2013)
- Kazumura. K et al., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 84, 90-96 (2013)
- 瀧本陽介，數村公子, FOOD STYLE21, 16, p.55-58 (2012)
- Uchida. et al., J REPROD IMMUNOL 85(2) 209-13 (2010)
- 數村公子他，第63 回分析化学討論会「展望とトピックス」p.15 (2009)
- 西郷勝康他、臨床病理 56(11), 967-972 (2008)
- Satozono. H et al., Luminescence., 21, 69-71 (2006)
- Yang et al., Life Sciences 79(7), 629-36 (2006)
- Ishibashi. K et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 344, 571-580 (2006)
関連特許
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JP04689329
JP05073224
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