物質に光を照射すると、その一部の光が散乱します。散乱光には、照射した光と同じ波長 (レイリー散乱光)と異なる波長 (ラマン散乱光)があります。ラマン分光法とは、この照射光と異なる波長のラマン散乱光の性質を調べることで、物質の分子構造や結晶構造などを知る手法です。 無機化合物、有機物、固体、液体、気体など、ほとんどの対象を特別な前処理をせずに測定することができます。
ラマン分光のための光源として、狭い波長幅、高い波長安定性を持ったレーザ光源が用いられます。
ラマン散乱光を分光します。一般的には回折格子を組み込んだポリクロメータが用いられます。
ラマン散乱光は非常に微弱なため、高感度の検出器が求められます。また、分光された多波長の光を同時に検出することが好ましく、リニアイメージセンサが利用されます。レーザ光源の波長を考慮し、測定波長 (波数)範囲に合わせたセンサの選択が必要となります。
ポリスチレン板のラマンスペクトル (ミニ分光器 C13054MAを使用)
ミニ分光器は、光学素子とイメージセンサと駆動回路を小型・薄型の筐体にまとめた分光器です。 測定光を光ファイバ経由で入光し、分光結果をUSB接続でPCに取り込むことにより、分光スペクトルの収集が可能です。ラマン分光測定用に複数タイプを用意しています。
C14214MA
- 感度波長範囲: 790~1050 nm
- 波長分解能 (半値幅): 0.4 nm typ.
- 画素数: 2048 ch
- サイズ (W×D×H): 100 × 60 × 12 mm
1064 nmレーザを用いたラマン分光測定用に設計されたInGaAsリニアイメージセンサです。ラマンスペクトル域の計測に特化するため、従来品 (G11508-512SA)よりもカットオフ波長を短くして、低暗電流化を実現しています。
532 nmレーザ、785 nmレーザを用いたラマン分光に使用可能なCCDリニアイメージセンサです。
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